Alternative Names dyscontrol, episodic dyscontrol syndrome, severe anger/rage control problems
Definition Intermittent explosive disorder is characterised by repeated acts of violent, aggressive behaviour in otherwise normal persons. The violent or aggressive behaviour is out of proportion to the event that triggers or provokes the outburst.
What is going on in the body? The exact mechanism of intermittent explosive disorder is not known. Some evidence suggests there may be an link between intermittent explosive disorder and mild neurological problems similar to those associated with some learning disabilities. But no clear abnormalities have been shown.
What are the signs and symptoms of the condition? A person with intermittent explosive disorder:
acts aggressively
is unable to stop or control the impulse to act aggressively
destroys property
A person with this disorder is not violent or aggressive most of the time. The incidents of severe rage and anger are usually isolated. The amount of aggression is out of proportion with the incident that triggered the outburst. The outburst is not due to substance use or withdrawal or any other medical or mental condition.
What are the causes and risks of the condition? Little is known about the causes and risks of intermittent explosive disorder.
How is the condition diagnosed? The doctor can diagnose an intermittent explosive disorder based on the person's symptoms. A complete physical and psychological evaluation should be done to see if the aggressive behaviour is caused by another medical or mental disorder.
What are the long-term effects of the condition? Someone with intermittent explosive disorder may have social or legal problems as a result of violent or aggressive behaviour. The behaviour may also cause problems at home or school.
What are the risks to others? Other people may be at risk for injury due to the person's rage and anger.
What are the treatments for the condition? Medications and psychological treatment are usually used to treat intermittent explosive disorder. Psychotherapy that focuses on acknowledging appropriate limits in social interactions is often helpful.
What are the side effects of the treatments? Side effects of medications vary, but may include allergic reactions and drowsiness.
What happens after treatment for the condition? Intermittent explosive disorder often results in legal problems if the person is charged with assault or destruction of property.
How is the condition monitored? Intermittent explosive disoder is monitored by the person affected and his or her family. Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the doctor.
Author: Ann Reyes, Ph.D. Reviewer: HealthAnswers Australia Medical Review Panel Editor: Dr David Taylor, Chief Medical Officer HealthAnswers Australia Last Updated: 1/10/2001 Contributors Potential conflict of interest information for reviewers available on request
