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aspergillosis precipitin |
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- Aspergillosis precipitin is a blood test that detects antibodies against a common fungus, or mould, called Aspergillus. The aspergillosis infection spreads in the bloodstream. It may cause an infection in the ear, cornea of the eye, heart valves, sinuses, lungs or brain. |
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amniocentesis |
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- This test, performed upon a sample of the fluid surrounding the foetus in the uterus (the "amniotic fluid"), is designed to detect a number of disorders of the foetus. |
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APGAR |
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- The APGAR score is a quick test performed on the infant immediately after delivery at 1, 5 and sometimes 10 minutes after birth to determine the physical condition of the newborn. |
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Babinski reflex |
|
- A Babinski reflex is a body response that may be tested during a physical examination. This reflex, or involuntary type of response, is normal in small children, but not normal for those over 2 years old. |
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bilirubin |
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- This test measures the amount of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is produced by the breakdown of haemoglobin, the oxygen-binding protein in red blood cells. Bilirubin is processed in the liver. If liver cells are damaged, it can escape into the bloodstream. |
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blood flow studies |
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- This test measures blood flow through an artery or vein. |
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bleeding time |
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- This test measures how long it takes a person to stop bleeding after the skin is cut. |
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blood glucose tests |
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- Blood glucose, or blood sugar, is the amount of glucose circulating in the blood. Glucose is another name for sugar and is an important energy source for the body. The body forms glucose when it breaks down the foods that are eaten. For example, bread or cereal is not in a form of energy that the body can use. The body converts these foods into a useable form, glucose. |
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abdominal CT |
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abdominal computed tomography |
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chromosome analysis |
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- Chromosome analysis involves looking at cells under a microscope to see if the chromosomes are normal. |
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bronchoscopy |
|
- A bronchoscopy is a test done with a thin, flexible fibre-optic tube called a bronchoscope. The tube is inserted through the nose or mouth into the lung. A tissue sample can be removed for study, or biopsied. |
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cognitive testing |
|
- Cognitive testing can detect changes in the way the brain functions. It can also determine whether the changes have occurred as a result of brain injury, illness or disease. Cognitive testing looks at a person's thinking skills. It also explores whether emotional or physical problems are interfering with those thinking skills. Specific areas examined during cognitive testing include: attention concentration memory abstract thinking problem solving judgment language skills ability to interpret information from senses (such as hearing, vision, touch) ability to control fine motor skills in the hands intelligence academic skills emotional functioningWho is a candidate for the test? |
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blood pressure test |
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- This test measures the force that blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood through the arteries. |
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Coombs' test, direct |
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- The direct Coombs' test detects antibodies, which are proteins that react against other molecules, on the surface of an individual's red blood cells. |
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biopsy -- detailed |
|
- A biopsy is the removal of a sample of tissue from the body. The sample is then examined under a microscope. Biopsies are used to diagnose many medical conditions, from skin problems to cancer. |
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cytology exam of urine |
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- A cytology examination of urine is an examination of the cells that appear in the urine. This test can detect and help diagnose some urinary tract diseases. The urinary tract contains the kidneys, bladder, and the tubes that connect these organs to the outside of the body. |
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cytology exam of pleural fluid |
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- Pleural fluid is the fluid that surrounds the lungs and lubricates their linings. This test can help identify any cancer cells if they are present in the pleural fluid. |
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DNA testing |
|
- DNA testing is a type of genetic test that looks for changes in the DNA molecule. The changes, called mutations, may be associated with genetic diseases. Diseases such as the inborn errors of metabolism are diagnosed this way. The changes may also be variations in the DNA molecule that occur between the genes. These changes don't cause disease, and are sometimes called innocent changes. Identifying them can be useful for such things as paternity testing. |
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blood differential |
|
- The blood differential test measures how many different kinds of white blood cells are in the bloodstream. It tests to see if the structure of the white blood cells is normal or abnormal. |
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ECG |
|
- An electrocardiogram, also called an ECG, is a graphic record of the heart's electrical activity. Doctors use it to help diagnose heart disease. They can also use it to monitor how well different heart medications are working. |
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ELISA |
|
- ELISA is test that is usually done on a sample of blood. This test may be used for various purposes. The test detects the presence of either antigens or antibodies in the blood. An antigen is a protein found in a substance in the body, such as a bacteria or piece of a protein. An antibody is a protein formed by the body in response to an antigen. Specific antigens "stick" to the specific antibodies that are created in response to them. Not all proteins in the body cause antibodies to be made. The proteins that do are possible candidates for an ELISA test. |
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creatinine |
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- Creatinine is a waste product made by the body during regular metabolism. It is excreted into the urine by the kidneys. A serum creatinine test measures the level of creatinine in the blood. |
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abdominal CT |
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abdominal CT scan |
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abdominal MRI |
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- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique. It is used to view organs, soft-tissue, bone, and other internal body structures. In an abdominal MRI, the person's body is exposed to radio waves while in a magnetic field. Cross-sectional pictures of the abdomen are produced by energy emitted from hydrogen atoms in the body's cells. An individual is not exposed to harmful radiation during this test. |
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abdominal MRI |
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abdominal obstructive series |
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abdominal ultrasonography in pregnancy |
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- Abdominal ultrasound is a technique that uses high-frequency sound waves, or ultrasounds, to examine soft tissues such as the abdominal organs. This test can provide information about the liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and urinary bladder. It can detect some abdominal masses. An abdominal ultrasound can also be used to view blood flow to the abdominal organs. |
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abdominal ultrasound |
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abdominal X-rays |
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ABEP |
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- The brainstem auditory evoked response test, or BAER, helps evaluate: hearing, or auditory, structures in the brain how well a person hears During this test, clicking noises stimulate the hearing nerves that run between the ear and the brain. Electrodes are attached to the scalp and ear lobes to record tiny changes in brain waves from these sounds. These changes appear on a graph as peaks, or highs, and troughs, or lows. |
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ABO blood typing |
|
- Blood typing is performed to determine a person's blood type. This is determined by the type of antigens or markers that are on the surface of red blood cells (either "A" or "B") and if there are antibodies to a portion of the blood type known as the Rh factor (either "positive" or "negative"). |
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ABR |
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abdominal X-rays |
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- An abdominal film usually indicates a series of x-rays taken to diagnose certain abdominal problems. |
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acetylcholine receptor antibody |
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- This test determines the amount of edrophonium in a person's body. Edrophonium is a molecule that stimulates muscle contractions. |
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adrenocorticotropic hormone |
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acid phosphatase test |
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- The acid phosphatase test measures the level of acid phosphatase in the blood. Acid phosphatase is an enzyme found in the prostate gland, semen, liver, spleen, blood cells, and bone marrow. If these organs and tissues are not functioning right, they may release acid phosphatase into the bloodstream. |
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ACTH stimulation test |
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- This test checks how the adrenal glands respond to a certain hormone. The hormone is called adrenocorticotrophic hormone, or ACTH. ACTH is made in the pituitary gland and travels through the bloodstream to the adrenal glands. ACTH stimulates the adrenal gland to release cortisol. Cortisol is important for many functions in the body's metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, sodium, potassium, and protein. |
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air-contrast barium enema |
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- A barium enema is an X-ray examination used to help diagnose certain problems in the lower bowel. |
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ACTH test |
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- This test measures the amount of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in the blood. ACTH is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. It regulates the production and secretion of the hormone cortisol by the adrenal gland. |
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aldolase |
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- This test measures the amount of the enzyme aldolase in the blood. Aldolase is involved in the breakdown of sugars to generate energy in cells. It is very concentrated in muscle tissue. The aldolase test can help detect muscle damage, since damaged muscles can release aldolase into the bloodstream. |
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aerobic bacteria, blood culture for |
|
- A test called a blood culture is done to see if there is an infection of the blood. There are different types of blood culture tests. One of these tests checks for a type of organism called aerobic bacteria. |
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alkaline phosphatase, total |
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ALP |
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ALP isoenzyme test |
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alpha-1 antitrypsin |
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alpha-1 antitrypsin |
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alpha-fetoprotein |
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ALT |
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Pap smear |
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- This test involves examining a random sampling of cervical cells under the microscope. The cells are obtained by scraping the external surface of the cervix. A Pap test is done to detect early precancerous cells changes, which is known as cervical dysplasia. |
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anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody |
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APTT |
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arterial blood gas |
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arterial blood gases |
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albumin test |
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- This test measures the levels of albumin in the blood. Albumin is an important blood protein that is made by the liver and excreted by the kidneys. |
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arterial stick |
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ASO |
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aspartate transaminase |
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aspergillosis precipitin |
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aspergillus antigen skin test |
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AST |
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audiography |
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audiology test |
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audiometry |
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auditory brain stem response |
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auditory brain stem-evoked potentials |
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Babinski sign |
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BAER test |
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BAL |
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- A bronchoscopy with lavage is a test done with a thin, flexible fibre-optic tube called a bronchoscope. The tube is inserted through the nose or mouth into the lung. Lavage is the term for washing out the lungs with saline fluid. In addition, a tissue sample can be removed for study, or biopsied, if necessary. |
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barium enema |
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upper GI and small bowel series |
|
- An upper GI and small bowel series is a special x-ray test. It allows the doctor to see the upper part of the digestive tract. This area includes the oesophagus, the stomach and the small intestines. |
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bicarbonate test |
|
- This test looks for the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. The real purpose of the test is to determine the blood level of bicarbonate (HCO3-). During laboratory testing, HCO3- is converted to CO2. That is why CO2 levels are measures to determine HCO3- levels. HCO3- is important in neutralizing acids. Its concentration in the blood is an indication of the ability of the kidneys and lungs to control acid-base balance. |
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T3 |
|
- This test measures the amount of T3, which is a form of thyroid hormone, in the blood. The test is done to evaluate thyroid function, especially when a person is thought to have an overactive or underactive thyroid. |
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biopsy, bone |
|
- In this test, a piece of bone is removed for testing in the laboratory. A bone lesion biopsy is taken when osteomyelitis, rickets, or bone cancer is suspected. |
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T4 |
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- This test measures the amount of T4, which is also called thyroxine. T4 is a form of thyroid hormone in the blood. The test is usually performed to evaluate thyroid function. The levels of thyroid hormone in the blood are important to health. Thyroid hormone controls the body's rate of basal metabolism, which is the energy needed to keep the body functioning at rest. |
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blood culture |
|
- A blood culture is a test used to detect infection-causing organisms in the blood. Blood infections occur when these organisms have spread from infected areas of the body into the blood. For example, an organism causing an infection in the lungs or kidneys can be detected in the blood using a blood culture. An infection of the blood may be life threatening. |
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blood culture for aerobic bacteria |
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blood culture for anaerobic bacteria |
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blood glucose monitoring |
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- This blood test measures the level of glucose, or sugar, in the blood. |
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creatinine clearance |
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- This is a test of kidney function. It determines the amount of fluid filtered each minute by the kidneys. |
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blood sugar |
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blood typing |
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BMD |
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- This test measures a person's bone density in order to diagnose osteoporosis, a disease in which the bones become less dense. Testing bone mineral density helps to both diagnose the disease and tell how far it has progressed. |
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bone biopsy |
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bone lesion biopsy |
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bone mineral analysis (BMA) |
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bone mineral density analysis |
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bone mineral study |
|
- A bone scan is a test used to find cancer, infection, or injuries in the bone. It may also be used to check a person's response to treatment for certain bone conditions. |
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bone scan |
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BP |
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BPP |
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brain stem auditory evoked potentials |
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brain stem auditory evoked response test |
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breast sonogram |
|
- A breast ultrasound is a test that uses high-frequency sound waves to form images of tissues and other structures inside the breast. |
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breast ultrasound |
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breath alcohol test |
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breathalyzer |
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bronchoscopy with lavage |
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BUN |
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kidney function tests |
|
- Kidney function tests check how well the kidneys filter and transport waste materials from the blood into the urine. |
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calcitonin |
|
- This test measures the levels of calcitonin, a hormone, in the blood. |
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calcium in urine |
|
- This test measures the amount of calcium in urine. |
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calcium, 24 hour urine |
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calcium, ionized |
|
- This test measures the levels of free calcium in the blood. |
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|
cardiac angiography |
|
- Cardiac catheterisation is a test used to diagnose abnormalities of the coronary arteries. These are the vessels that supply blood to the heart. The test can also be used to examine the heart chambers and heart valves. Long thin tubes, called catheters, a TV system, and an x-ray machine are used to perform this examination. First, a catheter must be inserted through the skin and into a person's artery. An artery in the groin is the usual entry site. A contrast agent is then injected through the catheter. X-ray pictures are taken as the contrast travels through the person's arteries. |
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cardiac catheterization |
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CAT scan |
|
- Computed tomography (CT) is a computer-aided x-ray technique. X-rays consist of electromagnetic waves of energy. They penetrate the body to varying extents depending upon the density of the structures being viewed. The result is black and white images of interior portions of the body. A CT scan produces detailed cross-sectional views of the body, similar to slices of bread. |
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CAT scan of the abdomen |
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CAT scan, brain |
|
- Computed tomography of the brain is a non-invasive imaging method that combines x-rays with computer technology. X-ray beams from a variety of angles are used to create a series of detailed cross-sectional images of the brain. |
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CAT scan, chest |
|
- Computed tomography of the chest is a non-invasive imaging method that combines x-rays with computer technology. X-ray beams from a variety of angles are used to create a series of detailed cross sectional images. |
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CAT scan, head |
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|
|
cerebral angiogram |
|
- Cerebral angiography is an imaging test used to diagnose abnormalities of arteries in the neck and brain. Sometimes the test is used to evaluate the veins in the brain and neck. This test involves the use of special thin tubes called catheters, a TV system, and an x-ray machine. |
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cerebral angiography |
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|
cervical spine series |
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|
cervical spine x-ray |
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chest CAT scan |
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chest CT scan |
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|
chest magnetic resonance imaging |
|
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive imaging technique. It is used to view organs, soft-tissue, bone, and other internal body structures. In a chest MRI, the person's body is exposed to radio waves while in a magnetic field. Cross-sectional pictures of the chest are produced by energy emitted from hydrogen atoms in the body's cells. An individual is not exposed to harmful radiation during this test. |
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chest MRI |
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|
chest radiograph |
|
- X-rays consist of electromagnetic waves of energy that penetrate matter to a variable extent, depending on the density of the matter. The remaining radiation after penetration and absorption by the tissues produces various grades of black and white on very sensitive x-ray film. |
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|
chest x-ray |
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|
|
cholesterol test |
|
- This test measures the total amount of cholesterol in the blood. It is generally done together with blood tests that measure a person's HDL cholesterol and LDL, or "bad cholesterol". |
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|
CK |
|
- This test measures the level of the enzyme creatine phosphokinase, or CPK, in the blood. CPK is an enzyme found in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. |
|
|
CK-isoenzymes |
|
- This test measures the levels of the three alternate forms of the enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in the blood. These alternate forms are known as isoenzymes and are called CPK-1, CPK-2, and CPK-3. |
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clean-catch urine specimen |
|
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|
|
CMV antibody test |
|
- This test detects the presence of antibodies in the blood to cytomegalovirus (CMV). |
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|
CMV blood test |
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|
CMV serology |
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CO2 |
|
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|
|
cold stimulation test for Raynaud's phenomenon |
|
- This test looks for reduced blood flow in the fingers after they are exposed to cold temperatures. |
|
|
collecting a urine specimen |
|
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|
|
colonoscopy |
|
- In this procedure, a flexible fibre optic instrument called a colonoscope is inserted into the large intestine, or colon. The colonoscope permits the doctor to view the details of the inner surface of the colon. This helps detect any abnormal tissues or growths. The doctor can also sample or remove abnormal growths through the colonoscope. |
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complete blood count |
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|
computed axial tomography |
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|
computed tomography imaging. |
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computed tomography, brain |
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computed tomography, chest |
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computed tomography, head |
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Computerized Axial Transverse Tomography (CATT) |
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|
conjugated bilirubin |
|
|
|
|
cord blood sampling |
|
- Cord blood tests are done on a blood sample collected from the umbilical cord of a newborn. A variety of tests may be done on this blood sample. The type of test done depends on whether there were any problems during the pregnancy or during labour and birth. |
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cord blood test |
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cord blood tests |
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|
coronary angiogram |
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|
coronary angiography |
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|
|
cortrosyn stimulation test |
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|
CPK |
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|
CPK isoenzymes |
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|
cranial CT scan |
|
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|
|
cranial magnetic resonance imaging |
|
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive imaging technique. It is used to view organs, soft-tissue, bone, and other internal body structures. In a cranial MRI, the person's head is exposed to radio waves while in a magnetic field. A cross-sectional picture of the skull and brain is produced by energy emitted from hydrogen atoms in the body's cells. An individual is not exposed to radiation during this test. |
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|
cranial MRI |
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|
|
creatine kinase |
|
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|
|
creatine kinase-isoenzymes |
|
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|
|
creatine phosphokinase |
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|
creatine phosphokinase-isoenzymes |
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|
|
|
creatinine-urine |
|
- This test measures the amount of creatinine in the urine. Creatinine is produced in the muscles and filtered by the kidneys. The amount of creatinine in the urine, then, is an indication of kidney function. It is most often used to check kidney function. |
|
|
creatinine |
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creatinine clearance |
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|
creatinine level in the blood |
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creatinine-urine |
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cross matching |
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CT scan |
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|
CT scan of the abdomen |
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|
CT scan, brain |
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CT scan, chest |
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CT scan, head |
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|
|
culture of joint aspirate |
|
- A culture of joint fluid, or aspirate, can identify bacteria or organisms in joint fluid that may be causing an infection in a particular joint. The test is normally done when a joint is swollen, painful, or appears to be infected. |
|
|
culture of joint fluid |
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|
|
lactose tolerance test |
|
- This test determines if a person is lacking an intestinal enzyme called lactase. This test is no longer commonly used in Australia. |
|
|
culture, urine catheter specimen |
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culture, urine clean-catch specimen |
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culture-amniotic cells |
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cultures-amniotic fluid |
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|
cytomegalovirus antibody test |
|
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|
|
dental radiograph |
|
- A dental x-ray is a picture of the teeth, surrounding bones and soft tissue that is taken using radiation. |
|
|
dental x-ray |
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|
|
diabetic control index |
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|
diastolic blood pressure |
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|
diastolic BP |
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differential |
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|
digitalis test |
|
- This test measures the amount of digoxin in the blood. Digoxin is a drug used to treat congestive heart failure and certain types of arrhythmias, or irregular heart beats. Digoxin is a medication that needs to be monitored closely, since the amount prescribed is often close to the level at which the drug can be toxic. |
|
|
digoxin test |
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|
direct bilirubin |
|
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|
|
Doppler vascular ultrasound |
|
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|
|
duplex vascular studies |
|
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|
|
echocardiography |
|
- This test uses sound waves to create an image of the heart. The technique is called echocardiography. The resulting image is called the echocardiogram. An echocardiogram helps a doctor evaluate a person's heart's valves and chambers. |
|
|
echocardiogram |
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echocardiogram, transesophageal |
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echocardiography |
|
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|
|
tensilon test |
|
- This test is done to help diagnose myasthenia gravis, a condition in which muscles become tired and weak. In this test, a medication called endrophonium, or tensilon, is given into a vein. Then the responses of certain muscles are evaluated. |
|
|
edrophonium test |
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EEG |
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EKG |
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EKG - exercise treadmill test |
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electrocardiogram |
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|
electrocardiography, ambulatory |
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|
electroencephalogram |
|
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|
|
neck x-ray |
|
- Neck x-rays involve a series of films used to diagnose abnormalities of the bones and soft tissues of the cervical spine. |
|
|
EEG |
|
- An EEG is a graphic record of the electrical activity of the brain |
|
|
EMG |
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|
endocervical culture |
|
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|
|
ENG |
|
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|
|
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
|
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|
|
evoked response audiometry |
|
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|
|
exercise electrocardiography |
|
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|
|
exercise treadmill ECG |
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|
extensor plantar reflex |
|
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|
fetal heart monitoring |
|
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|
fetal heart rate tracing |
|
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|
|
foetal heart monitoring |
|
- Foetal monitoring is the recording of the baby's heart rate and the mother's contractions during labour. Devices are connected to the mother's abdomen and to the baby. |
|
|
free calcium |
|
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|
free PSA |
|
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|
FSH |
|
|
|
|
Gallium scan |
|
- A Gallium scan is a special type of imaging study, or x-ray test. The test involves injecting a radioactive material called Gallium into the bloodstream. Special x-ray cameras can then take pictures of the Gallium inside the body. |
|
|
gallium scan |
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|
gallium study |
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|
gastric acid stimulation test |
|
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|
GFR |
|
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|
GHb |
|
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|
|
glomerular filtration rate |
|
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|
|
glucose monitoring |
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|
glucose, random |
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|
glycohemoglobin |
|
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|
|
glycosylated hemoglobin |
|
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|
|
GTT |
|
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|
|
HbAlc |
|
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|
|
urinalysis |
|
- A urinalysis is an analysis of the urine. A doctor does a series of physical, microscopic, and chemical tests on a sample of urine. The tests can screen for kidney disease and infections of the urinary tract. It can also help diagnose diseases that produce abnormal breakdown products called metabolites that are passed from the body in the urine. |
|
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HCO3- |
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hearing test |
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|
|
heart catheterization |
|
|
|
|
hemoglobin-glycosylated |
|
|
|
|
high-density lipoprotein |
|
|
|
|
Holter monitor |
|
|
|
|
human chorionic gonadotropin |
|
|
|
|
human chorionic gonadotropin level blood test |
|
|
|
|
hysterosalpingogram |
|
|
|
|
hysterosalpingography |
|
|
|
|
ICST |
|
|
|
|
immunoassay |
|
|
|
|
immunochemical assay |
|
|
|
|
indirect bilirubin |
|
|
|
|
internal fetal monitoring |
|
|
|
|
intrapartum fetal monitoring |
|
|
|
|
intravenous pyelogram |
|
|
|
|
intravenous pyelography |
|
|
|
|
ionized calcium |
|
|
|
|
isolated cold stress testing |
|
|
|
|
IVP |
|
|
|
|
karyotyping |
|
|
|
|
kidney function tests |
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|
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|
kidney, ureters and bladder film |
|
|
|
|
KUB film |
|
|
|
|
lactic dehydrogenase isoenzymes |
|
|
|
|
Lanoxin test |
|
|
|
|
late pregnancy ultrasound |
|
|
|
|
testicular biopsy |
|
- A testicular biopsy involves removing a piece of tissue from a man's testicle for analysis. |
|
|
LD1 |
|
|
|
|
LD2 |
|
|
|
|
LD3 |
|
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|
|
LD4 |
|
|
|
|
LD5 |
|
|
|
|
LDH isoenzymes |
|
|
|
|
LDH1 |
|
|
|
|
LDH2 |
|
|
|
|
LDH3 |
|
|
|
|
LDH4 |
|
|
|
|
LDH5 |
|
|
|
|
WBC count |
|
- A WBC count measures the number of white blood cells in a sample of blood. It is a valuable diagnostic tool for a number of diseases that is usually ordered as part of a full blood count (FBC). |
|
|
liver biopsy |
|
|
|
|
liver function tests |
|
|
|
|
liver scan |
|
|
|
|
liver scintigraphy |
|
|
|
|
liver-spleen scan |
|
|
|
|
long-acting thyroid stimulator |
|
|
|
|
low density lipoprotein |
|
|
|
|
lower GI X-ray |
|
|
|
|
lumbar puncture |
|
|
|
|
luteinizing hormone |
|
|
|
|
Lyme disease serology |
|
|
|
|
lymph node biopsy |
|
|
|
|
lymph node culture |
|
|
|
|
magnetic resonance imaging, abdomen |
|
|
|
|
magnetic resonance imaging, abdominal |
|
|
|
|
magnetic resonance imaging, chest |
|
|
|
|
magnetic resonance imaging, head |
|
|
|
|
magnetic resonance imaging,cranial |
|
|
|
|
mammography |
|
|
|
|
mammogram |
|
- A mammogram is a type of X-ray for the breasts. A screening mammogram usually involves two X-rays of each breast. A diagnostic mammogram involves more X-rays. |
|
|
mini-mental state exam |
|
|
|
|
mini-mental status examination |
|
|
|
|
MMSE |
|
|
|
|
MRI |
|
|
|
|
MRI, abdomen |
|
|
|
|
MRI, abdominal |
|
|
|
|
MRI, chest |
|
|
|
|
MRI, cranial |
|
|
|
|
MRI, head |
|
|
|
|
NCV |
|
|
|
|
neck x-ray |
|
|
|
|
nerve conduction studies |
|
|
|
|
nerve conduction velocity test |
|
|
|
|
neuroangiogram |
|
|
|
|
neuroangiography |
|
|
|
|
neuropsychological testing |
|
|
|
|
newborn scoring |
|
|
|
|
nocturnal penile tumescence self-test |
|
|
|
|
nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) |
|
|
|
|
partial thromboplastin time |
|
- The partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test helps measure the ability of the blood to clot normally. It is very similar to the prothrombin time (PT) test. These two tests are often ordered together. |
|
|
obstetric sonogram |
|
|
|
|
obstetric sonogram |
|
|
|
|
obstetric ultrasonography |
|
|
|
|
obstetric ultrasonography |
|
|
|
|
obstetrical ultrasound |
|
|
|
|
obstetrical ultrasound |
|
|
|
|
OGTT |
|
|
|
|
oral glucose tolerance test |
|
|
|
|
oxygen saturation |
|
|
|
|
Pap smear |
|
|
|
|
Pap test |
|
|
|
|
PAP test |
|
|
|
|
Papanicolaou test |
|
|
|
|
parentage testing |
|
|
|
|
partial thromboplastin time |
|
|
|
|
paternity testing |
|
|
|
|
pelvic ultrasonography in pregnancy |
|
|
|
|
percutaneous liver biopsy |
|
|
|
|
pleural fluid cytology |
|
|
|
|
pregnancy test, urine |
|
|
|
|
pregnancy ultrasound |
|
|
|
|
prostatic acid phosphatase test |
|
|
|
|
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram |
|
- A percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram, or PTCA, is a special X-ray test used to look at the bile ducts. The bile ducts allow the liver and gallbladder to secrete digestive fluid into the intestines. The pancreatic duct can also be seen and evaluated for disease. |
|
|
urine amino acids |
|
- This is a test to measure the level of amino acids in the urine. Amino acids are the building blocks that combine to form proteins. |
|
|
protein, blood |
|
|
|
|
PSA |
|
|
|
|
PSA density |
|
|
|
|
PSAD |
|
|
|
|
PT |
|
|
|
|
PTCA |
|
|
|
|
PTT |
|
|
|
|
pulmonary function test |
|
|
|
|
pulmonary perfusion scan |
|
|
|
|
pulmonary ventilation scan |
|
|
|
|
pulse oximetry |
|
|
|
|
pulse rate |
|
|
|
|
qualitative pregnancy test, blood |
|
|
|
|
qualitative urine beta-HCG |
|
|
|
|
qualititative serum beta-HCG |
|
|
|
|
quantitative beta HCG, serum |
|
|
|
|
quantitative pregnancy test, blood |
|
|
|
|
quantitative serum beta-HCG |
|
|
|
|
radiographic exam of the joint |
|
|
|
|
radioisotope liver scan |
|
|
|
|
radionuclide liver scan |
|
|
|
|
random glucose |
|
|
|
|
Rh typing |
|
|
|
|
right heart catheterization |
|
|
|
|
routine eye examination |
|
|
|
|
routine sputum culture |
|
|
|
|
testicular self-examination |
|
- The testicular self-examination is a way to screen for testicular cancer early when it is easiest to cure. During this test, a man examines each of his testicles for abnormal lumps. It should be done regularly because testicular cancer has few obvious symptoms. |
|
|
sequential multichannel analysis with computer-20 |
|
|
|
|
sequential multichannel analysis with computer-7 |
|
|
|
|
serum acid phosphatase test |
|
|
|
|
serum adrenocorticotropic hormone |
|
|
|
|
serum alkaline phosphatase |
|
|
|
|
serum antibody titer |
|
|
|
|
serum creatinine |
|
|
|
|
serum creatinine level |
|
|
|
|
serum drug levels |
|
|
|
|
serum glucose, random |
|
|
|
|
serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase |
|
|
|
|
serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase |
|
|
|
|
serum hemoglobin |
|
|
|
|
serum iron |
|
|
|
|
serum pregnancy test |
|
|
|
|
serum pregnancy test, qualitative |
|
|
|
|
SGOT |
|
|
|
|
SGPT |
|
|
|
|
skinny-needle biopsy |
|
|
|
|
skull X-ray |
|
|
|
|
serum iron |
|
- A person's blood contains roughly 70% of the total iron in the body. Iron is carried in the haemoglobin of the red blood cells. Iron from food is absorbed into the plasma through the small intestine. Once in the bloodstream, the iron binds to a blood protein that transports it to the bone marrow. There it is incorporated into the haemoglobin. The serum iron test measures the amount of iron in the plasma that is on its way to the bone marrow. |
|
|
SMA20 |
|
|
|
|
SMA7 |
|
|
|
|
SMAC20 |
|
|
|
|
SMAC7 |
|
|
|
|
small bowel follow through |
|
|
|
|
spinal tap |
|
|
|
|
spirogram |
|
|
|
|
spirometry |
|
|
|
|
spleen scan |
|
|
|
|
sputum cytology |
|
|
|
|
serum pregnancy test |
|
- This is a test that measures the exact amount of the pregnancy hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), in the bloodstream. |
|
|
sputum exam for Mycobacteria |
|
|
|
|
stamp test |
|
|
|
|
standard ophthalmic exam |
|
|
|
|
stimulation myelographic study |
|
|
|
|
stomach acid secretion test |
|
|
|
|
stomach acid stimulation test |
|
|
|
|
stress EKG |
|
|
|
|
stress test |
|
|
|
|
Swan-Ganz catheterization |
|
|
|
|
synovial biopsy |
|
|
|
|
synovial fluid analysis |
|
|
|
|
syphilis test |
|
|
|
|
systolic blood pressure |
|
|
|
|
systolic BP |
|
|
|
|
therapeutic drug levels |
|
- Therapeutic drug levels refers to a test that measures the amount of the drug in the bloodstream. |
|
|
T3 radioimmunoassay |
|
|
|
|
tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase test |
|
|
|
|
tensilon test |
|
|
|
|
testicular biopsy |
|
|
|
|
thyroid function tests |
|
- Thyroid function tests measure the levels of various hormones in the blood related to the function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck just below the Adam's apple. It produces thyroid hormone, which plays an important role in metabolism. The thyroid gland is stimulated to produce hormones by a gland attached to the brain called the pituitary. |
|
|
tests of adrenal reserve |
|
|
|
|
thyroid nodule fine needle biopsy |
|
- In a thyroid nodule fine-needle biopsy, a small sample of tissue is taken from the thyroid gland, an endocrine gland in the neck. This sample is then analysed in the laboratory. |
|
|
TG |
|
|
|
|
therapeutic drug levels |
|
|
|
|
therapeutic drug monitoring |
|
|
|
|
thyroid function tests |
|
|
|
|
thyroid nodule fine needle biopsy |
|
|
|
|
thyroid panel |
|
|
|
|
thyroid receptor antibody |
|
|
|
|
thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin |
|
|
|
|
thyrotropin |
|
|
|
|
thyroxine test |
|
|
|
|
TIBC |
|
|
|
|
tissue sample |
|
|
|
|
titer-antibodies |
|
|
|
|
toe sign |
|
|
|
|
tongue biopsy |
|
|
|
|
TORCH screen |
|
|
|
|
total bilirubin |
|
|
|
|
total cholesterol |
|
|
|
|
total hemoglobin |
|
|
|
|
total iron-binding capacity |
|
|
|
|
total protein |
|
|
|
|
toxicology screen |
|
|
|
|
toxoplasma serology |
|
|
|
|
toxoplasma test |
|
|
|
|
TP |
|
|
|
|
transesophageal echocardiogram |
|
|
|
|
transhepatic cholangiogram |
|
|
|
|
transvaginal ultrasound(TVUS) |
|
|
|
|
TRAP test |
|
|
|
|
triglyceride level |
|
|
|
|
triiodothyronine |
|
|
|
|
TSE |
|
|
|
|
TSH |
|
|
|
|
TSI |
|
|
|
|
TSIG |
|
|
|
|
unconjugated bilirubin |
|
|
|
|
upper gastrointestinal and small bowel series |
|
|
|
|
upper GI and small bowel series |
|
|
|
|
urinalysis |
|
|
|
|
urinary calcium excretion |
|
|
|
|
urine amino acids |
|
|
|
|
urine appearance and color |
|
|
|
|
urine collection catheterization |
|
|
|
|
urine collection clean-catch |
|
|
|
|
urine creatinine - spot collection |
|
|
|
|
urine culture |
|
|
|
|
urine cytology |
|
|
|
|
urine HCG |
|
|
|
|
urine osmolality test |
|
|
|
|
urine pregnancy test |
|
|
|
|
urine pregnancy testing |
|
|
|
|
urine protein |
|
|
|
|
urine volume |
|
|
|
|
VDRL test |
|
|
|
|
venereal disease laboratory test of the cerebrospinal fluid |
|
|
|
|
visual field test |
|
|
|
|
visual field testing |
|
|
|
|
VLDL |
|
|
|
|
WBC count |
|
|
|
|
WBC count |
|
|
|
|
western blot-HIV |
|
|
|
|
white blood cell count |
|
|
|
|
white blood cell differential count |
|
|
|
|
x-ray of the chest |
|
|
|
|
X-ray of the head |
|
|
|
|
X-ray of the skull |
|
|
|
|
genetic screening |
|
- Genetic screening is the process of looking for indications of a genetic disease. A genetic disease is a condition that is passed down from a parent to his or her offspring. Genetic screening is usually done before any signs of disease are present. The procedure is undertaken for several reasons. It may be done to determine if someone will develop a genetic disease. Examples of common genetic disorders are: Turner syndrome Down syndrome Klinefelter syndrome Tourette syndrome coeliac disease Wilson disease Huntington disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy Tay-Sachs disease haemachromatosis cystic fibrosis thallasaemiaGenetic screening is sometimes done to determine if a person can pass on a genetic disease, even if he or she is not at risk for developing the actual condition. It also may be done as part of a study of the whole population. |
|
|
genetic testing |
|
- Through genetic testing, doctors look for the known cause of a specific disease in someone who already has the symptoms. Laboratory studies can determine whether someone has a genetic disease. Genetic screening, on the other hand, is a more general search for inherited problems, to see if any exist. Genes are inherited building blocks that determine a person's physical traits such as height or eye colour. A defect in a gene can cause inherited diseases. |
|
|
Coombs' test, indirect |
|
- The Coombs' test detects antibodies, or proteins that react against other molecules, against red blood cells in an individual's serum or attached to an individual's red blood cells. The Coombs' test is commonly performed before a blood transfusion to make sure that antibodies in an individual's blood will not cross-react, or be attacked by antibodies in blood obtained from a donor. Transfused blood that does not match the blood of the individual who receives the blood could cause complications in the person who receives the blood. |
|
|
FBC |
|
- A FBC, also called a full blood count, is a screening test used to diagnose and manage many diseases. A FBC measures the status of important features of the blood, including the: number of red blood cells (RBCs) number of white blood cells (WBCs) number of platelets total amount of haemoglobin in the blood percentage of blood composed of cells, or haematocrit mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) mean corpuscular volume (MCV) Who is a candidate for the test? |
|
|
ferritin |
|
- Ferritin is the iron storage protein found in the blood. This test measures the amount of available ferritin in the blood serum. Iron is important for red blood cell production. |
|
|
immune assay |
|
- An immune assay is a special method of testing in order to measure or detect certain substances. This sophisticated test uses the properties of the immune or infection-fighting system. It is usually used when the amount of material to be detected is very small. It is most commonly performed on a sample of blood, though other body fluids may be used. |
|
|
joint aspiration |
|
- Synovial fluid is a liquid found in small amounts within the joints. This liquid is produced by the membrane lining the capsule of a joint, known as the synovial membrane. During a joint aspiration, the synovial fluid is drawn out using a needle, and looked at under a microscope. |
|
|
joint x-ray |
|
- A joint x-ray is a radiographic image of a place where bones in the body connect. Examples include the knee, elbow and ankle. X-rays consist of electromagnetic waves of energy. They penetrate the body to varying extents depending on the density of the structures being viewed. The result is back and white images of interior portions of the body. |
|
|
cytology exam of sputum |
|
- A sputum cytology test can identify cancer cells in a sample of sputum. |
|
|
electromyography |
|
- Electromyography (EMG) is used to test the electrical activity of a skeletal muscle. |
|
|
glucose tolerance test |
|
- This test is primarily used to measure how well the body can use, or metabolise, glucose. Glucose is the main form of sugar in the body. |
|
|
haemoglobin |
|
- Haemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells. It carries oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body, and carries carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs. A haemoglobin test measures the level of this protein in a sample of blood. |
|
|
HDL |
|
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a type of cholesterol that is carried in the blood. An HDL test determines the level of HDL cholesterol in the blood. It is done to evaluate a person's risk of heart disease. HDL cholesterol is found only in the blood stream. It is not the same as dietary cholesterol found in food. |
|
|
prothrombin time |
|
- The prothrombin time (PT) test helps measure the ability of the blood to clot normally. It is very similar to the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test. These two tests are often ordered together. |
|
|
identity testing |
|
- Identity testing is a method used to determine biological relationships, including sisters, brothers, and grandparents. It is most often used to establish the identity of a person's biological father, a process known as paternity testing. |
|
|
pulmonary function test |
|
- This test measures the amount of air that can be taken in with a deep breath and how quickly it can be expelled from the lungs by a forceful exhalation. |
|
|
LDL |
|
- This test measures the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. |
|
|
ALP |
|
- This test measures an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood. ALP occurs in all tissues, especially liver and bone. Diseased or damaged tissues release ALP into the blood. |
|
|
ALP isoenzyme test |
|
- This blood test measures the amounts of different forms of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase, or ALP, in the blood. These different forms of ALP are called isoenzymes. |
|
|
alpha-1 antitrypsin |
|
- This test measures the amount of the protein alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) in the bloodstream. A1AT is made by the liver and released into the blood. It blocks the action of certain enzymes that are released by dying cells. These enzymes can cause the breakdown of key proteins in the body. |
|
|
alpha-foetoprotein |
|
- This test measures the levels of a protein called alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) in the blood or amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid is the substance that surrounds a baby in the womb. The function of AFP is not well understood. Unborn and young children produce high amounts of the protein. In adults, the level is usually quite low unless certain diseases are present. For example, AFP levels can be elevated with certain cancers. |
|
|
ALT |
|
- This test determines the level of the enzyme alanine transaminase (ALT) in the blood. Abnormally high levels of ALT may indicate liver damage. |
|
|
anaerobic bacteria, blood culture for |
|
- A test called a blood culture is done to see if there is an infection of the blood. There are different types of blood culture tests. One of these tests checks for a type of organism called anaerobic bacteria. |
|
|
antibody titre |
|
- This test detects and measures the amount of antibodies in the blood. Antibodies are proteins made by the immune system. These antibodies are made to attack a real or imagined threat. For example, antibodies may be made in some cases to attack bacteria causing an infection. In other cases, however, antibodies may be made to attack a person's own body. |
|
|
arterial blood gases |
|
- Arterial blood gases (ABG) are a series of blood measurements that are ordered as a single test. This test is primarily used to check lung function and acid levels in the body. |
|
|
arterial stick |
|
- This process involves collecting a sample of blood from an artery for testing in the laboratory. |
|
|
ASO |
|
- This test detects an antibody known as ASO, or anti-streptolysin O. This antibody appears when a person has certain bacteria in the blood. The bacteria are Group A streptococcus, which make an enzyme called streptolysin O. This enzyme destroys red blood cells. |
|
|
AST |
|
- This test measures the levels of the enzyme, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in the blood. Enzymes help drive chemical reactions in the body. |
|
|
endocervical culture |
|
- Endocervical culture is designed to detect microorganisms, most often bacteria, within the endocervix, or the upper part of the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that extends into the vagina. Microorganisms may be a sign of either a cervical infection or of a sexually transmitted disease. |
|
|
exercise treadmill ECG |
|
- This test measures the heart's electrical activity during exercise. The purpose of the test is to see the heart's reaction to an increased need for oxygen. |
|
|
eye examination |
|
- In a routine eye examination, a person's eyes are examined with special instruments that can detect normal and abnormal structures and conditions. The person's visual acuity, peripheral vision and colour vision, are measured, as well. |
|
|
free PSA |
|
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein. It circulates in the blood and usually binds to other larger proteins. The amount of PSA that is not attached to other proteins is called free PSA. Attached protein is called bound PSA. |
|
|
FSH |
|
- This is a blood test that measures the amount of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced by the pituitary gland. |
|
|
glycosylated haemoglobin |
|
- Haemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying part of the red blood cells. This blood test measures a special kind of haemoglobin that has been coated with glucose, the main sugar in the body. It is called glycosylated haemoglobin or HbA1c. |
|
|
hearing test |
|
- A hearing test determines how well a person can hear different sounds. |
|
|
HIV western blot |
|
- This is a test that detects the presence of antibodies, which are chemicals produced by the body to fight germs and other foreign substances. In particular, the test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or AIDS. |
|
|
Holter monitor |
|
- Holter monitoring is continuous recording of the electrical activity of the heart. |
|
|
hysterosalpingogram |
|
- A hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is an imaging study, or x-ray test. It is used to view the inside of a woman's uterus, or womb, and fallopian tubes. |
|
|
intravenous pyelogram |
|
- An intravenous pyelogram is a test that uses x-rays to look at the structure and function of the urinary system. X-rays consist of electromagnetic waves of energy. The X-rays penetrate the body to varying extents depending on the density of the structures being viewed. The result is black and white images of interior portions of the body. |
|
|
LDH isoenzymes |
|
- This test measures the levels of the different forms of the enzyme called lactic dehydrogenase, or LDH, in the blood. These different forms are called isoenzymes. |
|
|
LH |
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- The luteinizing hormone test is a blood test that measures the amount of luteinizing hormone (LH) produced by the front lobe of the pituitary gland, known as the anterior pituitary. |
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liver biopsy |
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- This test involves taking a small tissue sample, or called a biopsy, of the liver for analysis. It is done to help diagnose liver disease. |
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liver function tests |
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- There are a number of ways to test liver function. Each test has its own name, as listed in the section below. |
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liver-spleen scan |
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- A liver-spleen scan is an imaging test used to examine the liver and/or spleen. The liver and spleen are both organs inside the abdomen that have different functions. A radioactive material injected into a person's veins allows these organs to be imaged with a special x-ray camera. |
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lymph node biopsy |
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- This test involves taking a small tissue sample, or biopsy, from one or more lymph nodes. |
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lymph node culture |
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- This is a laboratory test performed on fluid that has been taken from a lymph node. |
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metyrapone test |
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- The metyrapone test evaluates how the adrenal glands respond to adrenocorticotrophic hormone, or ACTH. ACTH is made in the pituitary gland and travels through the bloodstream to the adrenal glands. There it triggers the release of another hormone called cortisol. |
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mini-mental status examination |
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- The Mini-Mental Status Examination is a five-minute screening test that is designed to evaluate basic mental function in a number of different areas. Some of the areas tested involve a person's ability to recall facts, to write and to calculate numbers. The test provides a quick way to determine if more in-depth testing is needed. |
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MRI |
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- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive imaging technique. This special machine is used to view organs, bone and other internal body structures. |
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nerve conduction studies |
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- Nerve conduction studies are used to evaluate damage or disease in peripheral nerves. In this test, electrical impulses are sent down the nerves of the arms and legs. The electrical impulse is applied to one end of a nerve. The time it takes to travel to the other end of the nerve is measured. |
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pregnancy ultrasound |
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- An ultrasound uses sound waves to make black-and white pictures of body structures. A hand-held device called a transducer sends high-frequency sound waves through the body. The sound waves reflect off of body structures. A computer converts the reflected waves into two-dimensional, or recently three-dimensional, pictures. An ultrasound allows a doctor to view a woman's uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. It allows a developing baby to be evaluated, and lets the doctor view the placenta. The placenta is an organ that supplies the baby with oxygen and nutrients. The amniotic fluid, which surrounds a baby, can be seen. |
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proctoscopy |
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- An proctoscopy is a procedure in which a small tube is inserted into the anus to allow a doctor to see the details of the anus and anal canal. |
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PSA |
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- The PSA test is a blood test that is used to screen for the presence of prostate cancer. Prostate specific antigen is a protein found in the fluid portion of blood, called serum. PSA is specific to the prostate. No other human tissue or body part can make it in large amounts. PSA levels can be measured in an individual's serum. With this information, doctors are able to screen for prostate cancer. |
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PSA density |
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- This test measures the size of the prostate gland and relates it to the level of a special protein in the blood. The protein is called prostate-specific antigen (PSA). This test is used to identify men who are more likely to have prostate cancer. The PSA density test may be better at this than the standard PSA test. However, many experts think PSA density values are misleading. They do not use this test to check for prostate cancer. |
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pulmonary perfusion scan |
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- A pulmonary perfusion scan is used most often to diagnose a blood clot in the lung, known as a pulmonary embolism. The scan shows the blood flow to all the areas of the lungs. |
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pulmonary ventilation scan |
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- This study demonstrates the distribution of the air a person breathes into the lung, known as ventilation. This test, along with a complementary test known as a pulmonary perfusion scan, is vital to diagnosing a blood clot in the lungs, or pulmonary embolism. |
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pulse oximetry |
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- Pulse oximetry is a way to measure the level of oxygen in the blood of the arteries. The measurement is express as a ratio of oxygenated haemoglobin to the total amount of haemoglobin. It is called SaO2. This is a noninvasive test, which means that the skin does not have to be broken to perform the test. |
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pulse rate |
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- The pulse rate is the number of times a person's heart beats in one minute. |
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routine sputum culture |
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- This test attempts to detect and identify organisms in the sputum. Sputum is a secretion coughed up from the lungs. It is different than saliva, which comes from the mouth. |
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serum pregnancy test, qualitative |
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- This is a test that detects the presence of the pregnancy hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), in the bloodstream. |
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Serum Urea |
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- This test determines the level of urea nitrogen in the blood. |
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skull X-ray |
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- A skull X-ray is an imaging test that allows a doctor to see the bones that make up the skull, face, and nasal sinuses. A few brain abnormalities can be seen as well, such as calcium deposits inside the brain. |
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slit lamp examination |
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- In this procedure, the doctor examines the structures in the front of the eye with a magnifying device and special light called a slit lamp. This helps show any abnormalities of the cornea, sclera, lens, conjunctiva, or eyelids. |
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spinal tap |
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- A spinal tap is a procedure where a special needle is inserted through the vertebrae in the lower back and into the space that surrounds the spinal cord. The space surrounding the brain and spinal cord is filled with cerebral spinal fluid or CSF. The cerebral spinal fluid works like a shock absorber and filter. |
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spirometry |
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- Spirometry is a test of lung function. It determines how much air a person can exhale, how fast a person can exhale, and how much air a person can inhale. |
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sputum examination for Mycobacteria |
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- This test detects a bacteria called Mycobacterium in a sample of sputum. |
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stomach acid stimulation test |
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- The stomach acid stimulation test is used to evaluate the ability of the stomach to secrete acid. Stomach acid helps break down food so the body can use it. |
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Swan-Ganz catheterisation |
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- During the Swan-Ganz catheterisation, a thin flexible tube is inserted into the right side of the heart to measure and monitor its functions. |
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Syphylis CSF test |
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- This is a test for syphilis, a type of sexually transmitted disease. The test is done on a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which fills the space between the brain and spinal cord and the membranes that surround them. The test can detect antibodies to the organism that causes syphilis. An antibody is a protein that the body produces in response to a foreign substance. |
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TIBC |
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- Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) is a blood test that measures the amount of iron that can potentially be stored in blood. |
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tongue biopsy |
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- In a tongue biopsy, a small piece of tissue is taken from the tongue for study in the laboratory. |
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tonometry |
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- The tonometry test measures the pressure inside the eyeballs. This is called intraocular pressure, or IOP. |
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TORCH screen |
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- TORCH is an acronym for a special group of infections. These may be acquired by a woman during pregnancy. "TORCH" stands for the following infections: toxoplasma infection, also called toxoplasmosis other infections, such as hepatitis B, syphilis, and herpes zoster, the virus that causes chickenpox rubella, the virus that causes German measles cytomegalovirus, or CMV herpes simplex virus, the cause of genital herpesChildren, men, and non-pregnant women can also catch these infections. However, the TORCH infections are mainly important because they can be transmitted to the foetus while it is in the womb. If a mother is exposed to these infections during the first 5 months of pregnancy, serious foetal complications may occur. These include: miscarriage congenital heart disease, or heart defects that are present when the child is born cataract, or a clouding of the lens of the eye blindness, or significant vision change hearing impairment, including deafness small head size, also called microcephaly mental retardation or other learning, behavioural, or emotional problems low blood counts, also called anaemia liver or spleen enlargement pneumoniaWho is a candidate for the test? |
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total protein |
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- A total protein test measures the total amount of protein in the blood. It is used as a screening process to diagnose a number of illnesses, including kidney disease and liver disease. |
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toxicology screen |
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- A toxicology screen checks a person's blood or urine or both for the presence of drugs or other toxic substances. The screen can determine the type and amount of drugs or other toxic substances a person may have swallowed, injected, or inhaled. The substances, drugs, or medications detected in the bodily fluids or "screened for" can be legal or illegal. |
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toxoplasma test |
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- This test checks for antibodies to a parasite known as toxoplasma in the blood. |
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triglyceride level |
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- This test measures the level of triglycerides, a kind of fat, in the blood. Triglycerides are different from cholesterol, which is often measured at the same time. High triglyceride levels can increase the risk of heart disease in some people. They can also cause inflammation of the pancreas when the level is extremely high. |
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TSH |
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- This test measures the amount of thyroid stimulating hormone, or TSH, in the blood. |
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TSH Receptor Antibody |
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- This test measures the level of TSH receptor antibody in the blood. A doctor can use this test to find out what is causing hyperthyroidism, also known as Graves' disease. Hyperthyroidism occurs when too much thyroid hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland. When this happens, the body's metabolic rate increases to abnormally high levels. |
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urine culture |
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- This is a test of a sample of urine to see if there are infection-causing organisms present. If there are, the organisms are identified so that the doctor can prescribe a program of antibiotics or other therapy. |
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urine osmolality test |
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- A urine osmolality test measures the osmolality, or concentration of particles, in a person's urine. It provides information about the body's ability to balance fluids and other substances. |
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urine pregnancy test |
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- This test detects the level in the urine of the pregnancy hormone known as human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). |
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urine protein |
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- A urine protein test is used to detect the presence of protein in a person's urine. Normally, protein is not excreted in urine because the protein molecules are too large to pass through the filtering membranes in the kidneys. If these filtering structures are damaged, protein escapes. The presence of protein in the urine is an important indicator of kidney disease. |
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visual field test |
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- The visual field test measures a person's vision in different areas. For example, it measures a person's side vision or up and down vision. |
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VLDL |
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- Fat travels through the body in packages called lipoproteins. Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) carries a type of fat known as triglycerides. This test measures the amount of VLDL in the blood. VLDL is usually measured with other lipoproteins, such as HDL and LDL. This is known as a lipid profile test. |
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